Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Blaha MJ, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Franco S, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Mussolino ME, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Pandey DK, Paynter NP, Reeves MJ, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB, American Heart Association Statistics C and Stroke Statistics S. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics—2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129:399–410.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nichol G, Karmy-Jones R, Salerno C, Cantore L, Becker L. Systematic review of percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiac arrest or cardiogenic shock states. Resuscitation. 2006;70:381–94.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ortega-Deballon I, Hornby L, Shemie SD, Bhanji F, Guadagno E. Extracorporeal resuscitation for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: a systematic review of international practices and outcomes. Resuscitation. 2016;101:12–20.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ouweneel DM, Schotborgh JV, Limpens J, Sjauw KD, Engstrom AE, Lagrand WK, Cherpanath TGV, Driessen AHG, de Mol B, Henriques JPS. Extracorporeal life support during cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2016;42:1922–34.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Adrie C, Adib-Conquy M, Laurent I, Monchi M, Vinsonneau C, Fitting C, Fraisse F, Dinh-Xuan AT, Carli P, Spaulding C, Dhainaut JF, Cavaillon JM. Successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation after cardiac arrest as a “sepsis-like” syndrome. Circulation. 2002;106:562–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Adrie C, Aibiki M, Berg RA, Bottiger BW, Callaway C, Clark RS, Geocadin RG, Jauch EC, Kern KB, Laurent I, Longstreth WT Jr, Merchant RM, Morley P, Morrison LJ, Nadkarni V, Peberdy MA, Rivers EP, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Sellke FW, Spaulding C, Sunde K, Vanden Hoek T. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Asia, and the Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa); the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Stroke Council. Circulation. 2008;118:2452–83.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shi X, Li M, Huang K, Zhou S, Hu Y, Pan S, Gu Y. HMGB1 binding heptamer peptide improves survival and ameliorates brain injury in rats after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Neuroscience. 2017;360:128–38.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Warren OJ, Smith AJ, Alexiou C, Rogers PL, Jawad N, Vincent C, Darzi AW, Athanasiou T. The inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass: part 1—mechanisms of pathogenesis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2009;23:223–31.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Millar JE, Fanning JP, McDonald CI, McAuley DF, Fraser JF. The inflammatory response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a review of the pathophysiology. Crit Care. 2016;20:387.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ohsawa I, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, Watanabe M, Nishimaki K, Yamagata K, Katsura K, Katayama Y, Asoh S, Ohta S. Hydrogen acts as a therapeutic antioxidant by selectively reducing cytotoxic oxygen radicals. Nat Med. 2007;13:688–94.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hayashida K, Sano M, Kamimura N, Yokota T, Suzuki M, Maekawa Y, Kawamura A, Abe T, Ohta S, Fukuda K, Hori S. H(2) gas improves functional outcome after cardiac arrest to an extent comparable to therapeutic hypothermia in a rat model. J Am Heart Assoc. 2012;1:e003459.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hayashida K, Sano M, Kamimura N, Yokota T, Suzuki M, Ohta S, Fukuda K, Hori S. Hydrogen inhalation during normoxic resuscitation improves neurological outcome in a rat model of cardiac arrest independently of targeted temperature management. Circulation. 2014;130:2173–80.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Katsumata Y, Sano F, Abe T, Tamura T, Fujisawa T, Shiraishi Y, Kohsaka S, Ueda I, Homma K, Suzuki M, Okuda S, Maekawa Y, Kobayashi E, Hori S, Sasaki J, Fukuda K, Sano M. The effects of hydrogen gas inhalation on adverse left ventricular remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevated myocardial infarction—first Pilot study in humans. Circ J. 2017;81:940–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tamura T, Hayashida K, Sano M, Suzuki M, Shibusawa T, Yoshizawa J, Kobayashi Y, Suzuki T, Ohta S, Morisaki H, Fukuda K, Hori S. Feasibility and safety of hydrogen gas inhalation for post-cardiac arrest syndrome—first-in-human Pilot study. Circ J. 2016;80:1870–3.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kim J, Lampe JW, Yin T, Shinozaki K, Becker LB. Phospholipid alterations in the brain and heart in a rat model of asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation. Mol Cell Biochem. 2015;408:273–81.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim J, Yin T, Yin M, Zhang W, Shinozaki K, Selak MA, Pappan KL, Lampe JW, Becker LB. Examination of physiological function and biochemical disorders in a rat model of prolonged asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e112012.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Choi J, Shoaib M, Yin T, Nayyar G, Shinozaki K, Stevens JF, Becker LB, Kim J. Tissue-specific metabolic profiles after prolonged cardiac arrest reveal brain metabolome dysfunction predominantly after resuscitation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8:e012809.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Shoaib M, Choudhary RC, Choi J, Kim N, Hayashida K, Yagi T, Yin T, Nishikimi M, Stevens JF, Becker LB, Kim J. Plasma metabolomics supports the use of long-duration cardiac arrest rodent model to study human disease by demonstrating similar metabolic alterations. Sci Rep. 2020;10:19707.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kim J, Yin T, Shinozaki K, Lampe JW, Becker LB. DHA-supplemented diet increases the survival of rats following asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation. Sci Rep. 2016;6:36545.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ostadal P, Vondrakova D, Kruger A, Janotka M, Naar J. Continual measurement of arterial dP/dtmax enables minimally invasive monitoring of left ventricular contractility in patients with acute heart failure. Crit Care. 2019;23:364.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zhang W, Tam J, Shinozaki K, Yin T, Lampe JW, Becker LB, Kim J. Increased survival time with SS-31 after prolonged cardiac arrest in rats. Heart Lung Circ. 2019;28:505–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leanne Moon Y, Choudhary R, Xiaofeng J. Multimodel quantitative analysis of somatosensory evoked potentials after cardiac arrest with graded hypothermia. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2016;2016:1846–9.
Google Scholar
Jastrow KM 3rd, Gonzalez EA, McGuire MF, Suliburk JW, Kozar RA, Iyengar S, Motschall DA, McKinley BA, Moore FA, Mercer DW. Early cytokine production risk stratifies trauma patients for multiple organ failure. J Am Coll Surg. 2009;209:320–31.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kind T, Wohlgemuth G, Lee DY, Lu Y, Palazoglu M, Shahbaz S, Fiehn O. FiehnLib: mass spectral and retention index libraries for metabolomics based on quadrupole and time-of-flight gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2009;81:10038–48.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Dunn WB, Broadhurst D, Begley P, Zelena E, Francis-McIntyre S, Anderson N, Brown M, Knowles JD, Halsall A, Haselden JN, Nicholls AW, Wilson ID, Kell DB, Goodacre R, Human Serum Metabolome C. Procedures for large-scale metabolic profiling of serum and plasma using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc. 2011;6:1060–83.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chong J, Wishart DS, Xia J. Using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 for comprehensive and integrative metabolomics data analysis. Curr Protoc Bioinformatics. 2019;68:e86.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Worley B, Powers R. Multivariate analysis in metabolomics. Curr Metab. 2013;1:92–107.
CAS
Google Scholar
Migdady I, Rice C, Deshpande A, Hernandez AV, Price C, Whitman GJ, Geocadin RG, Cho SM. Brain injury and neurologic outcome in patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2020;48:e611–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meng L, Gelb AW. Regulation of cerebral autoregulation by carbon dioxide. Anesthesiology. 2015;122:196–205.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pozzebon S, Blandino Ortiz A, Franchi F, Cristallini S, Belliato M, Lheureux O, Brasseur A, Vincent JL, Scolletta S, Creteur J, Taccone FS. Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy in adult patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Neurocrit Care. 2018;29:94–104.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wong JK, Smith TN, Pitcher HT, Hirose H, Cavarocchi NC. Cerebral and lower limb near-infrared spectroscopy in adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Artif Organs. 2012;36:659–67.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang L, Fuster M, Sriramarao P, Esko JD. Endothelial heparan sulfate deficiency impairs l-selectin- and chemokine-mediated neutrophil trafficking during inflammatory responses. Nat Immunol. 2005;6:902–10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mulivor AW, Lipowsky HH. Inflammation- and ischemia-induced shedding of venular glycocalyx. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004;286:H1672–80.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rehm M, Bruegger D, Christ F, Conzen P, Thiel M, Jacob M, Chappell D, Stoeckelhuber M, Welsch U, Reichart B, Peter K, Becker BF. Shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx in patients undergoing major vascular surgery with global and regional ischemia. Circulation. 2007;116:1896–906.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hocker JR, Wellhausen SR, Ward RA, Simpson PM, Cook LN. Effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on leukocyte function in neonates. Artif Organs. 1991;15:23–8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moen O, Fosse E, Braten J, Andersson C, Fagerhol MK, Venge P, Hogasen K, Mollnes TE. Roller and centrifugal pumps compared in vitro with regard to haemolysis, granulocyte and complement activation. Perfusion. 1994;9:109–17.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhu J, Li X, Yin J, Hu Y, Gu Y, Pan S. Glycocalyx degradation leads to blood–brain barrier dysfunction and brain edema after asphyxia cardiac arrest in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2018;38:1979–92.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tamura T, Sano M, Matsuoka T, Yoshizawa J, Yamamoto R, Katsumata Y, Endo J, Homma K, Kajimura M, Suzuki M, Kobayashi E, Sasaki J. Hydrogen gas inhalation attenuates endothelial glycocalyx damage and stabilizes hemodynamics in a rat hemorrhagic shock model. Shock. 2020;54:377–85.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yagmur E, Koch A, Haumann M, Kramann R, Trautwein C, Tacke F. Hyaluronan serum concentrations are elevated in critically ill patients and associated with disease severity. Clin Biochem. 2012;45:82–7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chappell D, Hofmann-Kiefer K, Jacob M, Rehm M, Briegel J, Welsch U, Conzen P, Becker BF. TNF-alpha induced shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx is prevented by hydrocortisone and antithrombin. Basic Res Cardiol. 2009;104:78–89.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lassalle P, Molet S, Janin A, Heyden JV, Tavernier J, Fiers W, Devos R, Tonnel AB. ESM-1 is a novel human endothelial cell-specific molecule expressed in lung and regulated by cytokines. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:20458–64.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Uchimido R, Schmidt EP, Shapiro NI. The glycocalyx: a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in sepsis. Crit Care. 2019;23:16.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kuhn R, Lohler J, Rennick D, Rajewsky K, Muller W. Interleukin-10-deficient mice develop chronic enterocolitis. Cell. 1993;75:263–74.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sabat R, Grutz G, Warszawska K, Kirsch S, Witte E, Wolk K, Geginat J. Biology of interleukin-10. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2010;21:331–44.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gerber HP, McMurtrey A, Kowalski J, Yan M, Keyt BA, Dixit V, Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor regulates endothelial cell survival through the phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase/Akt signal transduction pathway. Requirement for Flk-1/KDR activation. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:30336–43.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
van der Heijden M, van Nieuw Amerongen GP, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VW, Groeneveld AB. Angiopoietin-2, permeability oedema, occurrence and severity of ALI/ARDS in septic and non-septic critically ill patients. Thorax. 2008;63:903–9.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hou PC, Filbin MR, Wang H, Ngo L, Huang DT, Aird WC, Yealy DM, Angus DC, Kellum JA, Shapiro NI, Pro CI. Endothelial permeability and hemostasis in septic shock: results from the ProCESS trial. Chest. 2017;152:22–31.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
van der Flier M, van Leeuwen HJ, van Kessel KP, Kimpen JL, Hoepelman AI, Geelen SP. Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in severe sepsis. Shock. 2005;23:35–8.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Zhang F, Wang S, Signore AP, Chen J. Neuroprotective effects of leptin against ischemic injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and transient cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 2007;38:2329–36.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Coyle JT, Puttfarcken P. Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders. Science. 1993;262:689–95.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar