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Table 3 Cytokine concentration in women with SLE

From: Cytokine and autoantibody clusters interaction in systemic lupus erythematosus

Cytokine

Healthy controls

N = 5a

SLE patients

N = 67a

Number of positive patients (%)b

IL-12/23p40

16.13 (18.9)

27.11 (48.9)

35/67 (52)

G-CSF

0 (0)

2.16 (6.19)

31/67 (46)

IFNα

0 (0)

3.72 (12.2)

17/67 (25)

IL-8

11.71 (4.5)

12.67 (25.1)

16/67 (24)

IL-6

0.11 (0.21)

4.99 (28.09)

15/67 (22)

IL-10

0 (0)

0.57 (1.79)

14/67 (21)

IL-1β

0 (0)

0.97 (4.66)

6/67 (9)

IL-17A

0 (0)

7.41 (33.9)

11/67 (16)

TNFα

0 (0)

2.11 (9.34)

9/67 (13)

IL-5

0 (0)

0.17 (0.77)

6/67 (9)

IL-4

0 (0)

0.39 (2.01)

4/67 (6)

IFNγ

0 (0)

0.39 (2.1)

4/67 (6)

IL-2

0 (0)

0.39 (2.23)

2/67 (3)

IL-9

0 (0)

0.13 (0.75)

2/67 (3)

IL-13

0 (0)

0.02 (0.19)

1/67 (1.5)

  1. IL interleukin, G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IFN interferon, TNF tumor necrosis factor
  2. aMean (SD), in pg/mL
  3. bData correspond to those patients with positive values as compared to healthy controls (above the threshold) [34, 35]