Fig. 2
From: The pathophysiological role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in lung diseases
Mitochondrial dysfunction and diverse lung diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA mutations and deletions can cause defects in energy metabolism and impair non-energetic pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also associated with lung alveolar epithelial cell and alveolar macrophage apoptosis, which hinders lung repair and influences the expression of various reactive oxygen species-related genes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction can induce diverse degenerative lung diseases