Fig. 1

HBV-specific T cell reactivity in 294 HBV-infected patients at different disease stages. Reactive HBV-specific T cells in PBMCs were detected using ex vivo IFN-γ ELISpot assay and 103 validated T-cell epitope peptides. A Total HBV-specific T cells (SFUs) in HBV-infected patients at different disease stages (R, n = 13; CHB, n = 203; LC, n = 52; HCC, n = 26). B Deconvolution of HBV-specific T cells from total antigens into the indicated HBV protein (HBsAg, HBpol, HBx, HBeAg) in HBV-infected patients. C Total HBV-specific T cells (SFUs) in CHB patients at different clinical phases (IA, n = 23; IT, n = 24; IC, n = 44). D Deconvolution of HBV-specific T cells from total antigens into the indicated HBV protein (HBsAg, HBpol, HBx, HBeAg) in CHB patients. Medians (interquartile range) were presented and statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal–Wallis test (K–W) across multiple groups and Mann–Whitney test (M–W) between two groups