Fig. 7

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses unveil aberrations in ovarian arginine metabolism induced by HFHS diet. A Integrated analyses of differential metabolites and RNA-seq DEGs by joint-pathway analysis. B Heatmap of genes involved in arginine biosynthesis in the RNA-seq data (n = 4). C Relative mRNA expression levels of Glul, Gls, Ass1 and Nags in ovaries from control and HFHS mice (n = 5). D Relative levels of differential metabolites in the arginine biosynthetic pathway (citrulline, urea, glutamate, and arginine, n = 4). E Schematic diagram illustrating the alterations in the arginine biosynthesis pathway in HFHS ovaries. Genes enclosed in red rectangular boxes indicate significant up-regulation, while the genes in the blue boxes represent significant down-regulation. Additionally, metabolites shown in red font indicate a significant increase in the HFHS metabolomes. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, ns = not statistically significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001