Fig. 4

MR analyses for nine potential causal proteins on LUAD. The squares were the causal estimates on the OR scale, and the whiskers represented the 95% CI for these ORs. nSNPs: number of SNPs used for the estimation of the causal effects in this plot. OR for increased risk of LUAD were expressed as per SD increase in plasma protein levels. P values were determined from the IVW MR method. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; LUAD: lung adenocarcinoma; SD: standard deviation; IVW: inverse-variance-weighted; MR: Mendelian randomization