Fig. 4

Effect of ALA on oxidative stress markers. Expression levels of A GPX1, B GSTP1, C GSR and D GCLC. E GSH levels. F Nitrotyrosine staining. G % of nitrotyrosine positive cells. Values represent the mean ± SD of experiments performed in quadruplicate. * vs CTRL (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001); § vs PA:OA (§p < 0.05, §§p < 0.01, §§§p < 0.001, §§§§p < 0.0001). Scale bars in (F) 50 μm