Fig. 1

A Simplified study overview (see full CONSORT diagram in Additional file 1: Fig. S1; Effects of SAAR on B urinary sulfate excretion; C body weight and body fat; D resting metabolic rate (RMR), carbohydrate oxidation, fat oxidation and respiratory quotient (RQ); E serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and adiponectin; F serum β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, acetone and acetate. Values are β (standard error) derived from linear mixed models with the group, visit and their interaction term (group × time) at 4 and 8 weeks as predictors. The models were adjusted for baseline levels of the outcome and the randomization variable sex. Models with RMR were additionally adjusted for total fat mass. The p-value denotes the difference at 8 weeks. ** data were available for IGF-1 and Adiponectin at baseline and the final visit only