Fig. 2

MiR-410-5p is transported from the fetal side to maternal side by EXOs. A qRT-PCR was used to verify the difference of miR-410-5p expression in induced abortion tissue and spontaneous abortion tissue in different gestational weeks. B The expression of miR-410-5p was analyzed using qRT-PCR in different organs of mice before and after pregnancy. C FISH was used to detect in situ expression of pre-miR-410 and miR-410-5p in human villi and decidua tissues. D qRT-PCR was used to detect the difference of miR-410-5p expression between human trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo, JAR, JEG3) and human monocyte cell (THP1), M1 macrophage, M2 macrophage and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). E The expression of pre-miR-410 in THP1 and human trophoblast cell lines were detected using qRT-PCR. F–G qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-410-5p and pre-miR-410in THP1 and M0 non-contact co-cultured with HTR8/SVneo for 12, 24 and 48 h. H qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-410-5p in the medium of HTR8/SVneo and JAR for 24 h and 48 h. (I) The medium of HTR8/SVneo and JAR was treated with RNase A alone or combined with Triton X-100 for 24 h, and the expression of miR-410-5p was detected busing qRT-PCR. J–K The Rab27a, Rab27b and miR-410-5p expressions were detected using qRT-PCR after HTR8/SVneo and JAR were treated with 10 μM and 20 μM GW4869 for 24 h. L qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-410-5p in placenta explants, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), HTR8/SVneo and JAR cultured medium. M The particle size, distribution, and concentration of the EXOs were analyzed using NTA. N Transmission electron microscope images of representative EXOs with lipid bilayer structure. O The EXOs components and cell lysis products of primary placental explants and trophoblasts were analyzed by Simple Western with EXOs phenotypic protein antibodies (CD63, HSP70, ALIX) and cyto-protein Calnexin antibody. P PKH-67(green fluorescence) labelled macrophages and PKH-26(red fluorescence) labelled HTR8/SVneo EXOs. After the macrophages were treated with EXOs, the macrophages were photographed continuously for 12 h. Values were listed as the mean ± SD. *P < 0·05, **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001, ****P < 0·0001