Fig. 3

PepN-pretreatment alters proliferation and apoptosis of CD11c^high macrophages. a AM (%) of F4/80⁺CD11c^high/int/− in BALF (n = 3–4). b AM caspase8 and caspase3 protein levels in BALF measured using Western blotting (n = 2–3). c Apoptosis levels based on the quantification of nuclei in Hoechst 33,242-stained cells. Scale bars, 50 μm. d AM apoptosis in BALF analysed using flow cytometry (n = 3). e, f Mice were injected intraperitoneally with EdU 24 h before day 1, 4 and 7 intranasal administrations of PepN, EdU⁺ macrophages (%) were assessed on day 8. Statistical analysis by a two-tailed student’s t test (d, f). Data represent one of at least five samples from three independent experiments (b). Data are represented as mean ± SD (a, d and f)