Natural product | Species | Mechanism | Origin and/or function | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Resveratrol | Polyphenols | resveratrol inhibits CAF-CM-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion by blocking cyclin D1 and c-Myc expression | Migration and invasion of breast cancer | [130] |
Curcumin | Polyphenols | Reduces the secretion of IL-6, MMP2, MMP9, transforming growth factor-β and SDF-1; Upregulates the aging-related proteins P16, P21 and P53 | Inhibits the invasion/migration of breast cancer cells and induces fibroblast aging | [135] |
ECGG | Polyphenols | Reduce HGF in CAFs to inhibit tumor proliferation and invasion, and inhibit tumor metastasis by lowering VEGF | Proliferative, migratory and invasive tumors | [136] |
Eugenol | Polyphenols | Eugenol downregulates DNMT1 and DNMT3A by inhibiting the migratory/invasion capacity of CAFs by inhibiting Erk1/2 and MMP-9 | Migration, invasion and EMT of breast cancer | [137] |
Eugenol | Polyphenols | Eugenol and decitabine inhibit paracrine proangiogenic effects of CAF cells by inhibiting DNMT1 and its downstream angiogenic effectors VEGF-A and IL-8 | angiogenesis | [138] |
Oroxylin A | Flavonoid | OA can inhibit phosphorylation of FAK/STAT3 by reducing the expression of ACTN1 | Proliferative, migratory and invasive tumors | [139] |
Puerarin | Flavonoid | Reduces intratumoral immunosuppressive cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13) | Downregulate CAFs to increase infiltrating T cells in tumors | [140] |
Apigenin | Flavonoid | Apigenin can block the release of CCL2 in TNFα-mediated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines | Blocks the release of chemokines | [141] |
Caffeine | Alkaloid | Caffeine inactivates CAFs cells via PTEN-dependent Erk1/2 and Akt inactivation | Migration, invasion and angiogenesisof breast cancer | [142] |
Prunella Vulgaris Polysaccharide | PolysacchArides | PVP can exert anticancer effects on breast CAFs by inhibiting the expression of bFGF | Inhibits tumor growth, migration and angiogenesis | [111] |
Cucurbitacine | Triterpenoid | Acts on breast CAFs by IL-6/STAT3/NF‐κB | Inhibits paracrine and angiogenesis | [134] |
Atractylenolide-I | Lipid components | ATL-1 downregulates fibroblast expression of CTGF | Inhibits fibroblast transformation ability and increases chemotherapy sensitivity | [143] |