Fig. 2

Spatial transcriptomics identify Caprin-1-associated heterogeneity in PDAC. A H&E staining for Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1 ^Low PDAC samples for spatial transcriptomic analysis. B The proportion of different clusters between Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1^Low tissues. C Dot plot showing the overlap between clusters and annotated regions. D Violin plot showing expressions of markers (S100A8, S100A14, KRT19 and S100A2) identified from ductal cells clusters. E Bar plot showing top 20 enriched biological process in ductal cells clusters using GO analysis. F Visualization of different clusters between Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1^Low tissues. G Heatmap showing enriched biological functions in all annotated clusters. H Bar plot showing top 15 pathways modulated by different genes in ductal cells between Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1^Low tissues. I Heatmap indicating the levels of 17 autophagy-related genes between Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1^Low tissues. J, K The levels of autophagy-related markers ULK and p62 between Caprin-1^High and Caprin-1^Low tissues