Table 2 Quantitative autonomic testing
From: Dysautonomia and small fiber neuropathy in post-COVID condition and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
HC (n = 50) M (SD) | ME/CFS (n = 50) M (SD) | Post-COVID (n = 87) M (SD) | Statistics | Bonferroni (p) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ME/CFS vs post-COVID | ME/CFS vs HC | Post-COVID vs HC | |||||
HF-RRI (ms2) | 12,443.3 (3668.1) | 399.5 (669.3) | 962.5 (2986.3) | H = 7.5* | 0.019 | ||
HFnu-RRI (%) | 40.9 (16.6) | 37.9 (9.7) | 37.5 (16.4) | H = 1.5 | |||
LF-dBP (mmHg2) | 32.6 (161.1) | 9.8 (16.6) | 15.5 (49.4) | H = 9.5** | 0.032 | 0.013 | |
LFnu-dBP (%) | 43.5 (13.1) | 43.9 (14.4) | 45.7 (14.3) | H = 2.3 | |||
LF/HF | 1.5 (1.0) | 2.4 (3.2) | 2.3 (2.6) | H = 3.5 | |||
SV | 82.4 (16.6) | 72.2 (18.1) | 77.3 (17.3) | H = 10.1** | 0.005 | ||
CO | 5.3 (1.3) | 5.4 (1.5) | 5.7 (1.4) | H = 2.9 | |||
TPR | 1400.9 (427.4) | 1381.5 (344.0) | 1405.4 (465.4) | H = 0.2 | |||
BRS mean | 16.3 (8.6) | 12.9 (9.7) | 13.0 (7.9) | H = 7.4* | 0.038 | ||
Deep breathing index | 16.3 (6.9) | 16.8 (8.2) | 16.8 (8.0) | H = 0.0 | |||
E/I ratio | 1.3 (0.1) | 1.2 (0.1) | 1.2 (0.1) | H = 1.9 | |||
Valsalva ratio | 1.7 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.3) | H = 0.7 | |||
Valsalva PRT (s) | 2.6 (0.9) | 2.8 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.0) | H = 1.9 | |||
ΔsBP phase II | – 4.5 (19.7) | – 11.0 (18.5) | – 11.7 (22.4) | H = 7.5* | 0.035 | ||
ΔdBP phase II | – 33.1 (19.8) | – 33.7 (15.2) | – 33.7 (16.6) | ||||
ΔsBP phase II late | 2.2 (20.3) | – 1.2 (22.2) | – 0.6 (19.8) | ||||
ΔdBP phase II late | 12.8 (15.3) | 8.7 (15.1) | 12.4 (18.1) | ||||
ΔsBP phase IV | 19.2 (17.4) | 19.5 (17.5) | 23.6 (18.8) | ||||
ΔdBP phase IV | 10.7 (13.0) | 10.5 (9.9) | 15.7 (15.4) | ||||
Hemodynamic responses to Tilt | |||||||
Supine | |||||||
sBP | 112.7 (21.0) | 112.6 (18.) | 112.6 (13.5) | H = 0.9 | |||
dBP | 72.8 (13.3) | 75.9 (11.9) | 74.2 (12.8) | H = 2.7 | |||
HR | 65.7 (9.8) | 76.2 (13.5) | 73.4 (12.4) | H = 18.3*** | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |
3 min | |||||||
sBP | 129.9 (28.6) | 126.6 (18.4) | 126.0 (15.3) | H = 0.0 | |||
dBP | 89.7 (16.5) | 89.2 (15.0) | 88.5 (14.9) | H = 1.9 | |||
HR | 74.4 (12.1) | 89.7 (17.7) | 84.3 (18.1) | H = 20.2*** | < 0.001 | 0.004 | |
5 min | |||||||
sBP | 125.6 (23.3) | 125.6 (20.2) | 122.6 (18.9) | H = 0.5 | |||
dBP | 85.5 (17.8) | 89.2 (15.0) | 86.0 (13.6) | H = 2.2 | |||
HR | 74.7 (11.7) | 91.1 (16.9) | 84.6 (17.6) | H = 23.9*** | < 0.001 | 0.004 | |
8 min | |||||||
sBP | 124.8 (19.6) | 122.0 (24.0) | 121.9 (15.2) | H = 0.4 | |||
dBP | 84.4 (15.2) | 88.1 (14.7) | 84.3 (16.7) | H = 1.7 | |||
HR | 74.7 (10.9) | 91.1 (17.4) | 85.4 (15.9) | H = 25.2*** | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
11 min | |||||||
sBP | 124.7 (20.7) | 121.7 (18.7) | 120.7 (19.9) | H = 0.2 | |||
dBP | 83.3 (16.6) | 86.5 (15.3) | 84.8 (13.7) | H = 1.8 | |||
HR | 75.8 (12.9) | 90.5 (16.2) | 84.7 (17.9) | H = 19.6*** | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Mean values (Tilt) | |||||||
sBP | 126.3 (20.8) | 128.9 (38.3) | 129.4 (43.4) | H = 0.1 | |||
dBP | 85.7 (14.7) | 88.5 (13.7) | 88.6 (27.4) | H = 0.9 | |||
HR | 74.9 (11.0) | 91.6 (17.2) | 85.1 (17.0) | H = 26.4*** | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |