Fig. 1

Overview of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is activated by GPCR, BCR, FAK, and RKT families. PIP3 triggers the activation of PDK1, which subsequently phosphorylates AKT at THr308. AKT modulates multiple intracellular biological processes by interacting with several downstream signaling molecules. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway exerts a pivotal role in controlling diverse cellular processes, encompassing metabolism, growth, proliferation, survival, transcription, and protein synthesis. Image created with BioRender (https://biorender.com/)