Fig. 1

Intrauterine inflammatory (IUI) preterm birth (PTB) model in mice. Animal model was established as described in the M&M section. Control = 7, LPS = 14. A Histopathological characteristics of mice placenta tissues were examined using H&E staining; decidua and labyrinth zones are shown. B Apoptosis in the decidua and labyrinth zones of mouse placenta tissues was examined using TUNEL staining. C Placental oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal levels in mice placenta tissues were examined using ELISA. D The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in mice placenta tissues were examined using ELISA. **p < 0.01