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Table 5 Comparison of anthropometric data and questionnaires scores between week 12 and week 0 data (expressed as ∆)

From: Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet vs hypocaloric balanced diet in the prevention of high-frequency episodic migraine: the EMIKETO randomized, controlled trial

 

ALL

VLCKD

HBD

p-value

 

41 (100)

26 (63.4)

15 (36.6)

 

Weight (kg)

− 7.5 ± 5.7

− 9.1 ± 6.4

− 4.9 ± 2.7

0.020

BMI (kg/m2)

− 2.7 ± 2.0

− 3.3 ± 2.2

− 1.8 ± 1.0

0.016

WC (cm)

− 7.5 ± 7.0

− 9.2 ± 7.4

− 4.6 ± 5.2

0.041

HC (cm)

− 7.4 ± 5.5

− 8.8 ± 5.9

− 4.9 ± 3.9

0.029

Systolic BP (mmHg)

− 8.5 ± 16.2

− 11.3 ± 16.6* p = 0.005

− 5.2 ± 15.0

0.259

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

− 4.5 ± 10.2

− 5.58 ± 9.57* p = 0.031

− 4.2 ± 10.3

0.673

Heart Frequency

1.3 ± 10

2.48 ± 10.1

− 0.6 ± 9.76

0.352

MMDs (n/month)

− 5.7 ± 5.2

− 7.2 ± 5.4

− 3.1 ± 3.6

0.014

Migraine attack duration (hours)

− 13.5 ± 20.0

− 13.8 ± 19.3

− 12.9 ± 22.2

0.911

MIDAS

− 25.9 ± 38.4

− 22.0 ± 43.3

− 32.5 ± 28.3

0.426

HIT-6

− 6.0 ± 6.9

− 6.3 ± 6.7

− 5.4 ± 7.5

0.697

VAS

− 1.9 ± 1.9

− 1.8 ± 1.6

− 2.1 ± 2.3

0.632

SF-36 PF

12.3 ± 11.3

12.83 ± 10.6 ** p < 0.001

11.42 ± 12.77

* p = 0.005

0.722

SF-36 RP

23.6 ± 46.8

18.48 ± 47.80

32.14 ± 45.39

* p = 0.020

0.396

SF-36 BP

12.0 ± 15.5

12.30 ± 13.58 ** p < 0.001

11.57 ± 18.82

*p = 0.039

0.891

SF-36 GH

6.8 ± 12.5

6.65 ± 14.81 * p = 0.043

7.07 ± 7.95

* p = 0.005

0.923

SF-36 VT

13.9 ± 16.1

16.52 ± 18.05 ** p < 0.001

9.64 ± 11.84

*p = 0.009

0.214

SF-36 SF

14.7 ± 23.7

13.95 ± 24.76 *p = 0.013

16.0 ± 22.66

*p = 0.02

0.803

SF-36 RE

23.5 ± 55.5

20.26 ± 63.43

28.71 ± 41.07

*p = 0.021

0.660

SF-36 MH

6.8 ± 12.6

8.0 ± 14.16 **p = 0.0013

4.86 ± 9.57

0.469

SF-36 total

1.7 ± 6.3

0.95 ± 6.50

2.71 ± 6.05

0.426

  1. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; BP, blood pressure, physical functioning (PF), role—physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role—emotional (RE), and mental health (MH). We have highlighted with * the significant differences between baseline and week 12 in each group
  2. All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, or percentage. Differences were considered statistically significant when p was < 0.05. Significant p values are highlighted in bold