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Table 4 Comparison of anthropometric data and questionnaires scores between week 8 and week 0 (data expressed as ∆)

From: Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet vs hypocaloric balanced diet in the prevention of high-frequency episodic migraine: the EMIKETO randomized, controlled trial

 

ALL

VLCKD

HBD

p-value

 

46

28 (60.9)

18 (39.1)

 

Weight (kg)

− 6.7 ± 4.4

− 8.2 ± 4.5

− 4.3 ± 2.9

0.002

BMI (kg/m2)

− 2.4 ± 1.6

− 3.0 ± 1.6

− 1.5 ± 1.1

0.002

WC (cm)

− 6.4 ± 6.0

− 8.0 ± 6.5

− 3.9 ± 4.2

0.021

HC (cm)

− 6.2 ± 4.9

− 7.7 ± 5.0

− 3.8 ± 3.7

0.006

Systolic BP (mmHg)

− 5.9 ± 14.4

− 10.8 ± 15.7* p < 0.001

1.73 ± 9.52

0.008

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

− 3.5 ± 11.6

− 7.04 ± 10.3* p = 0.01

− 0.8 ± 12.2

0.097

Heart Frequency

0.09 ± 9.0

− 0.61 ± 10.37

1.11 ± 6.71

0.538

MMDs (n/month)

− 4.7 ± 5.2

− 6.4 ± 4.8

− 2.2 ± 5.0

0.008

HIT-6

− 5.3 ± 6.5

− 5.2 ± 6.3

− 5.4 ± 6.9

0.919

VAS

− 1.8 ± 2.4

− 1.7 ± 1.7

− 1.8 ± 2.4

0.773

SF-36 PF

11.18 ± 40.8

10.6 ± 18.55* p = 0.009

− 0.59 ± 22.07

0.083

SF-36 RP

− 5.70 ± 95.9

9.0 ± 41.38

14.7 ± 54.5

0.702

SF-36 BP

− 4.0 ± 30.13

3.48 ± 9.9

7.5 ± 20.0

0.397

SF-36 GH

− 2.67 ± 29.0

5.68 ± 11.7* p = 0.023

8.4 ± 17.4

0.555

SF-36 VT

3.12 ± 41.2

9.6 ± 22.7* p = 0.045

6.5 ± 15.8

0.625

SF-36 SF

0.96 ± 52.9

12.2 ± 22.7* p = 0.013

11.2 ± 30.24

0.907

SF-36 RE

7.90 ± 115.5

11.9 ± 62.3

4.06 ± 47.0

0.660

SF-36 MH

2.45 ± 29.9

5.28 ± 15.0

2.82 ± 14.2

0.598

SF-36 total

3.67 ± 14.3

2.30 ± 7.6

− 1.37 ± 6.20

0.118

  1. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; BP, blood pressure; MMDs, monthly migraine days; MIDAS, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale; HIT-6, Headache Impact Test; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; SF-36, Short Form Health Survey; SF-36 PF, physical functioning; SF-36 RP, role—physical; SF-36 BP, bodily pain; SF-36 GH, general health; SF-36 VT, vitality; SF-36 SF, social functioning; SF-36 RE, role—emotional; SF-36 MH, mental health
  2. We highlighted with * significant differences between baseline and week 8 in each group
  3. All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation, or percentage. Differences were considered statistically significant when p was < 0.05. Significant p values are highlighted in bold