Spotlights on ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (USP12) in diseases: from multifaceted roles to pathophysiological mechanisms

Table 3 The mechanism of USP12 in different diseases and related pathways

Disease	Interactor	Mechanism	Effect	References
Prostate cancer	AR	Increase AR expression and stability to promote PC via the PI3K-Akt pathway	Promote proliferation and cell cycle, inhibit apoptosis	[42, 107]
Breast cancer	MDK	Stabilize MDK to promote angiogenesis and metastasis	Promote VEGF expression and metastasis	[73]
Lung cancer	MMP14/PPM1B	Enhance PPM1B stability to inhibit NF-κB-dependent chemokine expression	Promote proliferation, migration and invasion, reshape TME	[66, 74]
Liver cancer	P38/JNK	Inhibit the p38-MAPK pathway to promote HCC progression	Promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis	[65]
Multiple myeloma	HMGB1	Increase HMGB1 expression and induce HMGB1-mediated autophagy	Induce autophagy and drug resistance	[67]
Cardiac hypertrophy	p300	Inhibit p300 degradation and promote METTL3 transcription	Promote Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy	[51]
Huntington’s disease	mHTT	Induce autophagy and decrease mHTT-mediated toxicity	Alleviate mHTT-mediated toxicity and induce autophagy	[70]

ISSN: 1479-5876