Fig. 3

Effects of CHI3L1 overexpression on the stemness phenotype of TNBC cells. A Representative results of spheroid formation assay to detect the stemness phenotype of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells after CHI3L1 overexpression (left) and the quantitative chart (right). B RT-qPCR to detect BCSC markers CD44 and CD24 expression in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells after CHI3L1 overexpression. C Flow cytometry to measure the proportion of BCSCs (CD44⁺ and CD24⁻) in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells after CHI3L1 overexpression. D and E, Colony formation assay and CCK-8 assay to detect MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cell proliferation after CHI3L1 overexpression. F–H Scratch assay and Transwell assay to detect MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cell migration and invasion abilities after CHI3L1 overexpression. I Flow cytometry to measure MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cell apoptosis after CHI3L1 overexpression. ^ns p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Cell experiments were repeated three times