Fig. 1

The expression of POSTN and PAPPA in GS and AF. GS, gravida serum; AF, amniotic fluid; CHD, congenital heart disease. A the expression of POSTN and PAPPA in GS and AF in this research. B the expression of POSTN and PAPPA in AF and GS did not exhibit a significant difference between the 20–24 weeks and 25–28 weeks of pregnancy (P > 0.05). However, consistent with the findings depicted in Fig. 1A, it was observed that irrespective of the 20–24 or 25–28 week interval, the CHD group exhibited significantly lower levels of POSTN compared to the control group (P < 0.05), while PAPPA levels were significantly higher in the CHD group compared to the control group. *P < 0.05,**P < 0.01,***P < 0.001