Fig. 5

OPN promotes alveolar epithelial cells epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro. A QPCR analysis of CDH1, CDH2, and vimentin expression in A549 and HBE cell lines. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; means + SD. B Immunoblots of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA and snail1 of A549 cells; immunoblots of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and vimentin of HBE cells. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001; means + SD. D Confocal microscopy showing vimentin (green), E-cadherin (red), and DNA dye DAPI (cyan) in A549 cells treated with OPN and matched group, showing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Bars, 20 µm. C The migration capacity of A549 cells was detected by using a wound-healing assay. Wound areas were calculated by ImageJ. **P < 0.01; means + SD. E The invasion ability of A549 cells was detected by using transwell assay. The number of cells was calculated by ImageJ. **P < 0.01; means + SD