Table 1 Clinical parameters and laboratory test indexes of the study cohort

Age

(year)

56.13 ± 13.20

52.23 ± 9.00

44.45 ± 8.46

7.245(F)

0.001

0.161^ab

< 0.001^ac

0.015^bc

Gender

(Male/female)

19/11

20/10

12/8

0.234(χ²)

0.889

BMI

22.53 ± 2.51

22.21 ± 3.24

22.37 ± 2.07

0.106(F)

0.900

Etiology

 HBV

 HCV

 Alcoholic

 HBV + alcoholic

 HCV + alcoholic

 Others

9

1

12

1

1

6

14

1

8

3

1

3

3.887(χ²)

0.566

Child-Pugh Class

 A

 B

 C

0

9

21

9

7

14

10.650(χ²)

0.005

Meld-score

19.67 ± 5.95

13.90 ± 6.51

3.582(t)

< 0.001

Ascites

 None

 Mild

 Moderate

 Severe

2

7

8

13

15

7

2

6

16.120(χ²)

< 0.001

Medication history

 Non-selective β-blockers

 Lactulose

 Anti-HBV

4(13.33%)

5(13.33%)

9(30.00%)

0(0%)

0(0%)

15((60.00%)

Fisher’s Exact Test

Fisher’s Exact Test

2.5(χ²)

0.112

0.052

0.114

Previous variceal bleeding

13(43.33%)

5(16.67%)

5.079(χ²)

0.024

Previous TIPs

13(43.33%)

2(6.67%)

10.756(χ²)

0.001

Previous HE

6(20.00%)

0(0%)

Fisher’s Exact Test

0.024

SBP

11(36.67%3)

3(10.00%)

4.565(χ²)

0.033

Creatinine (μmol/L)

74.2(53.95-156.15)

72.35(55.98–84.85)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.487

TBIL (μmol/L)

51.91(27.96–94.53)

28.19 (14.42–56.31)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.012

DBIL (μmol/L)

24.14 (12.84–59.47)

12.98 (6.36–36.20)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.037

IBIL (μmol/L)

22.73 (11.12–45.37)

14.06 (7.54–22.03)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.023

ALT (IU/L)

24.75(15.43–43.13)

44.40 (26.30-60.53)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.006

AST(IU/L)

41.90 (26.88–68.55)

68.30 (47.35–92.48)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.030

Albumin(g/L)

29.47 ± 4.64

31.76 ± 7.44

-1.428(t)

0.159

PT(s)

18.85(16.20–22.50)

16.55(13.97–18.50)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.011

INR

1.63 (1.38–2.06)

1.38 (1.10–1.60)

U Test

0.004

Ammonia(μmol/L)

92.31 ± 47.51

41.51 ± 18.30

5.465(t)

< 0.001

WBC(10⁹/L)

6.10 ± 4.67

5.20 ± 2.16

0.965(t)

0.339

Neutrophil(%)

68.70 ± 13.24

65.06 ± 11.22

1.148(t)

0.256

CRP

6.54(2.26–18.42)

7.38(1.27-134.98)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.813

Length of stay

(days)

8.50(6.00-15.75)

8.50(7.00-15.50)

Mann-Whitney U Test

0.772

90-day mortality

4(13.33%)

0(0%)

Fisher’s Exact Test

0.112

90-day recurrence

5(16.67%)

0(0%)

Fisher’s Exact Test

0.052