Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to Sarcopenia Status in US adults, NHANES 2011–2018
Characteristic | Non pre-sarcopenia | Pre-Sarcopenia | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Participants (n) | 1011 | 235 | |
Gender | 0.183 | ||
Male (%) | 516 (51.0%) | 108 (46.0%) | |
Female (%) | 495 (49.0%) | 127 (54.0%) | |
Age (years) | 45.8 (10.6) | 47.5 (11.4) | 0.033 |
Race (%) | < 0.001 | ||
Mexican American | 164 (16.2%) | 78 (33.2%) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 300 (29.7%) | 16 (6.81%) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 254 (25.1%) | 62 (26.4%) | |
Other | 293 (29.0%) | 79 (33.6%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 32.4 (7.34) | 35.8 (8.51) | < 0.001 |
Height (cm) | 168 (9.45) | 159 (9.74) | < 0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 108 (16.8) | 113 (18.5) | < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 92.1 (23.5) | 91.7 (27.0) | 0.816 |
Hypertension (Yes, %) | 251 (24.8%) | 72 (30.6%) | 0.080 |
Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 75.8 (16.0) | 74.4 (17.3) | 0.281 |
Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 126 (25.5) | 127 (27.1) | 0.664 |
White blood cell count (1000 cells/µL) | 7.85 (2.40) | 8.25 (2.06) | 0.011 |
Lymphocyte (1000 cells/µL) | 2.38 (0.92) | 2.42 (0.74) | 0.430 |
Monocyte (%) | 0.57 (0.19) | 0.58 (0.18) | 0.630 |
Neutrophils (%) | 4.64 (1.85) | 4.97 (1.68) | 0.008 |
Eosinophils (%) | 0.21 (0.18) | 0.23 (0.20) | 0.228 |
Basophils (%) | 0.06 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.06) | 0.647 |
Red blood cell (million cells/µL) | 4.81 (0.51) | 4.88 (0.56) | 0.073 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.0 (1.66) | 14.3 (1.60) | 0.009 |
Hematocrit (%) | 41.7 (4.44) | 42.6 (4.45) | 0.005 |
Mean cell volume (fL) | 87.0 (6.43) | 87.6 (5.83) | 0.141 |
Mean cell hemoglobin (pg) | 29.2 (2.69) | 29.5 (2.40) | 0.208 |
Mean cell hemoglobin concentration (g/dL) | 33.6 (1.18) | 33.6 (0.98) | 0.774 |
Mean platelet volume (fL) | 8.46 (0.94) | 8.66 (1.03) | 0.007 |
Red cell distribution width (%) | 13.8 (1.44) | 13.8 (1.42) | 0.733 |
Platelet (1000 cells/µL) | 251 (70.9) | 249 (74.7) | 0.777 |
Albumin (g/L) | 41.6 (3.69) | 41.2 (3.37) | 0.119 |
Globulin (g/L) | 30.6 (5.18) | 31.2 (4.09) | 0.060 |
Protein, total (g/L) | 72.2 (5.09) | 72.4 (4.18) | 0.543 |
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 30.6 (24.9) | 34.1 (22.7) | 0.046 |
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 28.1 (31.7) | 29.4 (18.4) | 0.397 |
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 77.2 (27.9) | 87.3 (36.2) | < 0.001 |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (U/L) | 40.7 (54.8) | 48.7 (64.7) | 0.091 |
Bilirubin, total (µmol/L) | 9.86 (5.16) | 9.54 (5.10) | 0.395 |
Creatinine (µmol/L) | 79.8 (69.9) | 68.1 (19.7) | < 0.001 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 13.5 (6.46) | 13.7 (5.03) | 0.496 |
Creatine Phosphokinase (IU/L) | 170 (182) | 137 (225) | 0.048 |
Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 134 (35.5) | 140 (40.0) | 0.079 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.34 (0.10) | 2.34 (0.10) | 0.516 |
Iron (µmol/L) | 14.1 (6.48) | 14.2 (5.88) | 0.747 |
Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.20 (0.19) | 1.19 (0.19) | 0.758 |
Uric acid (µmol/L) | 328 (88.7) | 322 (89.2) | 0.439 |
25OHD2 + 25OHD3 (nmol/L) | 58.9 (25.6) | 58.8 (23.9) | 0.927 |
25OHD2 (nmol/L) | 5.59 (16.1) | 4.38 (10.6) | 0.16 |
25OHD3 (nmol/L) | 53.4 (25.0) | 54.4 (24.2) | 0.557 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 139 (2.70) | 138 (2.69) | 0.464 |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.99 (0.36) | 4.02 (0.37) | 0.239 |
Chloride (mmol/L) | 102 (3.30) | 102 (3.51) | 0.009 |
Osmolality (mOsm/kg) | 280 (5.69) | 280 (5.49) | 0.334 |
Glycohemoglobin (%) | 7.55 (2.12) | 7.77 (2.04) | 0.151 |
Fasting Glucose (mmol/L) | 8.90 (3.85) | 9.81 (4.38) | 0.037 |
Two-hour oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) (mmol/L) | 12.6 (5.22) | 15.4 (6.88) | 0.022 |
Insulin (µU/mL) | 23.8 (39.2) | 33.2 (66.5) | 0.151 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.92 (2.55) | 2.31 (2.35) | 0.109 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 46.3 (13.6) | 46.5 (13.7) | 0.842 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.04 (1.38) | 5.18 (1.38) | 0.161 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 3.00 (1.04) | 3.06 (1.01) | 0.597 |