Fig. 5

SBA metabolism was increased by insulin. Mice were given 5 days of DSS treatment and then were treated with PBS (n = 6) or insulin (n = 6) on day 3, day 5 and day 7. A Orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot for discriminating the intestinal digesta metabolome from the PBS- and insulin-treated groups. B Volcano plot showing the differential abundance of intestinal digesta metabolites between PBS- and insulin-treated mice. C Heatmaps of the differential metabolites whose levels were altered by insulin treatment compared with PBS treatment. D Comparison of the relative abundance of LCA in the indicated groups. E Spearman’s correlation analysis of LCA levels with Blautia, Enterorhabdus, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group and Aeromonas abundance. F, G The relative abundances of Blautia, Enterorhabdus and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group in the indicated groups were determined by real-time PCR. The data represent the mean ± SD. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001