Fig. 5

DPSC-Exos treatment induced GPER expression in salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC). A Heatmap of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to cAMP signaling pathway, salivary secretion, and estrogen signaling pathway. B Correlation heatmap between GPER and the marker of salivary secretion in DEGs. C, D Immunofluorescence staining for GPER expression in SGEC. E, F Western blot analysis of GPER expression in SGEC. Scale bar: 20 μm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, n = 3. Significant effect of the treatment, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001