Ideal vitamin D and handgrip strength counteracts the risk effect of APOE genotype on dementia: a population-based longitudinal study

Table 2 Association of handgrip strength and vitamin D with incidence of dementia in women and men

Factors	Cases	Women		Cases	Men
Factors	Cases	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multi-adjusted HR (95% CI)^a	Cases	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Multi-adjusted HR (95% CI)^a
Handgrip strength
Low	990	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1187	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
Middle	570	0.67 (0.60–0.74)	0.78 (0.70–0.86)	676	0.64 (0.58–0.70)	0.74 (0.68–0.82)
High	218	0.49 (0.43–0.57)	0.64 (0.56–0.75)	276	0.43 (0.38–0.49)	0.59 (0.51–0.67)
Vitamin D
Low	696	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	821	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
Middle	453	0.80 (0.71–0.91)	0.86 (0.76–0.97)	526	0.78 (0.70–0.87)	0.79 (0.70–0.88)
High	629	0.72 (0.65–0.80)	0.80 (0.71–0.89)	792	0.72 (0.65–0.80)	0.71 (0.64–0.79)

^aMultivariate Cox regression models were adjusted for ethnicity, education level, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, BMI, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, depression, TC, HDL, LDL, APOE genotype, and we adjusted for vitamin D in handgrip strength analysis or for handgrip strength in vitamin D analysis

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