Fig. 3

Neutrophil extracellular trap formation has a critical role in Long-COVID. A Diagram shows the NK cell cytotoxic pathways mapped on KEGG charts via iPathwayGuide platform. Up-regulated biomarkers are shown in red (KEGG Mapper, also confirmed by iPathwayGuide software). Graphs display the levels of individual NK-cell marker expression in plasma among the study cohorts. Statistical significance was determined with GraphPad 9, P-value was considered significant if < 0.05 with an ANOVA. B Heatmaps represent the profiling of the neutrophil cell phenotype. Markers have been manually curated. In the left panel, heatmap shows the hierarchical clustering of all markers and in the right panel the similarity matrix based on Pearson correlation. For data visualization we used Morpheus software from Broad Institute. C Graphs show individual neutrophil cell markers expression in plasma; comparison among all study cohorts. Statistical significance was processed with GraphPad 9, P-value was considered significant if < 0.05 with ANOVA