Fig. 4

Serum metabolomics of the control, model, and ICA groups. A, B OPLS-DA analyses between the control A and model B groups. C, D Heatmaps of the differential metabolites between the control C and model D groups in the ESI + and ESI- modes. E, F Heatmaps of the differential metabolites between the ICA E and model F groups in the ESI + and ESI- modes. G, H Analysis of the pathways associated with the differential metabolites in the model G and ICA H groups. ICA, icariin; OPLS-DA, orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis; ESI, electrospray ionization