Table 2 Associations of fish intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality
Outcome | Never | Fish intake, hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
< 1 serving/week | 1 serving/week | ≥ 2 serving/week | ||
Oily fish intake | ||||
All cause mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 3027 (6.33) | 8086 (5.57) | 9643 (5.93) | 5143 (6.81) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 0.82 (0.78–0.86) | 0.79 (0.76–0.83) | 0.85 (0.80–0.89) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.92 (0.86–0.98) | 0.93 (0.87–0.98) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) |
Cancer mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 1383 (2.89) | 4061 (2.80) | 4986 (3.07) | 2440 (3.23) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 0.88 (0.82–0.94) | 0.87 (0.81–0.93) | 0.86 (0.80–0.93) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.96 (0.89–1.05) | 1.01 (0.92–1.10) | 0.98 (0.89–1.08) |
CVD mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 599 (1.25) | 1588 (1.09) | 1771 (1.09) | 1076 (1.42) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 0.81 (0.73–0.90) | 0.74 (0.66–0.82) | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.93 (0.81–1.06) | 0.85 (0.74–0.98) | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) |
Nonoily fish intake | ||||
All cause mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 1279 (6.22) | 7071 (5.59) | 13,100 (6.12) | 4449 (6.35) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 0.98 (0.92–1.06) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.93 (0.85–1.01) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 1.02 (0.93–1.12) |
Cancer mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 545 (2.65) | 3576 (2.83) | 6635 (3.10) | 2114 (3.02) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | 1.07 (0.97–1.19) | 1.07 (0.97–1.19) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.99 (0.87–1.12) | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) | 1.03 (0.90–1.17) |
CVD mortality | ||||
Event, n (%) | 242 (1.18) | 1384 (1.09) | 2551 (1.19) | 857 (1.22) |
Basic model* | 1 (Reference) | 0.95 (0.81–1.10) | 0.97 (0.84–1.13) | 1.00 (0.85–1.18) |
Multivariable model# | 1 (Reference) | 0.95 (0.78–1.16) | 1.02 (0.84–1.24) | 1.05 (0.86–1.30) |