Fig. 1

Sex-specific analysis of the relation between MetS components and periodontal health status. Panel A Combinations analysis (or multiple response analysis), reporting the prevalence of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases across combinations of sex, smoking habits, and MetS components (black dots and connection bars). Data visualization was limited to the twenty combinations with higher prevalence of periodontitis. Panel B Alluvial plot showing the distribution of MetS components (splines) across the reported axes strata (sex; periodontal condition). Each MetS component is indicated by a specific color. Panel C Association of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases with MetS definition, single MetS components, and any additional MetS component in women (pink) and men (blue). Panel D Association of MetS definition, single MetS components, and any additional MetS component with the periodontal disease spectrum (gingivitis; stable periodontitis; unstable periodontitis) by sex (women: pink; men: blue). Panel E Odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) of bleeding/non-bleeding periodontal diseases based on the number of MetS components in women (pink) and men (blue)