Fig. 2

CAR-M-mediated phagocytosis and cytotoxicity were enhanced after M1-type polarization. A Representative fluorescence microscopy images showing GFP-positive macrophage-mediated phagocytosis after 4 h of coincubation with mCherry⁺ MC38-HER2 cells, scale bar: 50 µm. B Representative flow cytometry analysis of the phagocytosis of mCherry⁺ MC38-HER2 target cells by control or M1-polarized macrophages at an E:T = 5:1 ratio. The double-positive cell population represents the target cells engulfed by macrophages. C Quantitative analysis of the data from (A). Three random fields of view were assessed per replicate, and data are represented as the mean ± SEM. of three independent experiments. D Statistical analysis of the percentage of phagocytosis by flow cytometry. Three independent experiments were performed. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM. E Cytotoxicity was evaluated by a luciferase-based killing assay with Luc⁺ MC38-HER2 target cells and macrophages after 24 h of coculture at different E:T ratios in vitro. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM. of three independent experiments. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001