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Table 3 Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted* Cox regression analysis for the effect of BF on hazards (95% CIs) of incident MetS

From: Lactation duration and lifetime progression to metabolic syndrome in women according to their history of gestational diabetes: a prospective longitudinal community-based cohort study

BF duration

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

Total BF

0.99 (0.98–0.99)

0.01

0.98 (0.98–0.99)

0.001

Partial BF

0.98 (0.97–0.99)

0.01

0.99 (0.98–0.99)

 < 0.001

Exclusive BF

0.97 (0.96–0.99)

0.02

0.97 (0.95–0.98)

0.031

  1. Adjusting variables were age, BMI, family history of diabetes at baseline and physical activity, education, and parity
  2. Physical activity, education, and parity were included in the model as time-dependent covariates
  3. MetS, metabolic syndrome; BF, breastfeeding
  4. p-value < 0.05 is statistically significant