Fig. 2

The phenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood T cells. A The level of AMs (CD38 and HLA-DR) expression, IMs (PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, CTLA-4, BTLA and PD-L1) expression and the percentage of Tregs among peripheral T cells in the HD (n = 48) and GC (n = 47) groups. The difference is displayed on the right. ^***1: P < 0.001, ^***2: P = 0.001, ^**3: P = 0.007, ^***4: P < 0.001, ^***5: P < 0.001, ^*6: P = 0.012, ^***7: P < 0.001, ^***8: P < 0.001, ^***9: P = 0.001,^*10: P = 0.026, ^**11: P = 0.004, ^**12: P = 0.008, ^***13: P = 0.001, ^***14: P < 0.001, ^*15: P = 0.015. B ROC curves and AUCs with 95% CI were used to evaluate the accuracy of peripheral CD4⁺/CD8⁺T-cell subset distribution, and AM⁺CD4⁺/CD8⁺ and IMs⁺CD4⁺/CD8⁺ proportions in predicting the prognosis of GC (n = 47). C Survival analysis of different levels of TIM-3⁺CD8⁺PBLs, LAG-3⁺CD8⁺PBLs and PD-L1⁺CD8⁺PBLs. D Based on the peripheral T-cell phenotype, PBL-A (n = 36) and PBL-B (n = 11) were grouped by unsupervised hierarchical clustering. The significant difference is displayed on the right of the heatmap. E Survival analysis of patients in PBL-A and PBL-B. F Distribution of peripheral CD4⁺T-cell subsets of HDs (n = 48), and patients in the GC (n = 47), PBL-A (n = 36) and PBL-B (n = 11) groups. G The cytokine secretion levels before and after anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation in vitro. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001