Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the females and males with no pregnancy loss and with pregnancy loss
Characteristics | Females | Males | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not experienced pregnancy loss N = 1969 | Experienced pregnancy loss N = 796 | p-valued | Their spouses not experienced pregnancy loss N = 1969 | Their spouses experienced pregnancy loss N = 796 | p-valued | |
Agea (years) | 37.9 (10.4) | 42.0 (11.0) |  < 0.001 | 44.5 (11.4) | 49.0 (11.8) |  < 0.001 |
Smoking statusc (current + past) | 86 (4.4) | 32 (4.0) | 0.7 | 903 (46.2) | 380 (48.0) | 0.4 |
WHtRa | 0.56 (0.08) | 0.57 (0.08) |  < 0.001 | 0.53(0.06) | 0.54(0.06) | 0.003 |
BMI a (kg/m2) | 27.8 (4.7) | 28.6 (4.7) | 0.004 | 26.3 (4.0) | 26.4 (3.8) | 0.4 |
Appropriate physical activityc | 610 (31.0) | 262 (32.9) | 0.3 | 550 (28.2) | 236 (29.8) | 0.4 |
SBPa (mmHg) | 115.1 (16.8) | 118.6 (19.3) |  < 0.001 | 119.5 (17.6) | 122.5 (19.9) |  < 0.001 |
DBPa (mmHg) | 76.3 (10.2) | 78.1 (10.9) |  < 0.001 | 78.1 (10.7) | 79.0 (11.5) | 0.06 |
FBSa (mmol/l) | 5.3 (1.6) | 5.4 (1.8) | 0.04 | 5.5 (1.7) | 5.6 (1.9) | 0.03 |
TGb (mmol/l) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 1.7 (1.1–2.4) |  < 0.001 | 1.8 (1.3–2.6) | 1.9 (1.3–2.7) | 0.2 |
TCa (mmol/l) | 5.3 (1.2) | 5.5 (1.2) | 0.002 | 5.3 (1.0) | 5.4 (1.1) | 0.03 |
HDLa (mmol/l) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 0.9 | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.9 |
LDLa (mmol/l) | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.5 (1.0) | 0.02 | 3.4 (0.9) | 3.4 (0.9) | 0.2 |
Educationc (diploma and upper) | 911 (46.3) | 296 (37.3) |  < 0.001 | 1,019 (51.8) | 352 (44.3) |  < 0.001 |
Family history of DMc | 857 (43.5) | 346 (43.5) | 0.9 | 758 (38.5) | 275 (34.5) | 0.06 |
Graviditya | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.5 (2.3) |  < 0.001 | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.5 (2.3) |  < 0.001 |
Paritya | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.2 (1.9) | 0.001 | 1.0 (1.6) | 1.2 (1.9) | 0.001 |