Treatments of chronic fatigue syndrome and its debilitating comorbidities: a 12-year population-based study

Leong, Kam-Hang; Yip, Hei-Tung; Kuo, Chien-Feng; Tsai, Shin-Yi

doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03461-0

Journal of Translational Medicine

Table 2 Odds ratios for various treatments for patients with and without chronic fatigue syndrome

From: Treatments of chronic fatigue syndrome and its debilitating comorbidities: a 12-year population-based study

Variable	N	Control		CFS		Odds ratio
Variable	N	n	%	n	%	Crude (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted (95% CI)	p-value
SSRI						2.33 (2.05,2.66)***	< 0.001	1.70 (1.48,1.95)***	< 0.001
No	11,471	5946	52	5525	48
Yes	1141	360	32	781	68
SNRI						2.22 (1.77,2.78)***	< 0.001	1.52 (1.20,1.93)***	< 0.001
No	12,260	6195	51	6065	49
Yes	352	111	32	241	68
SARI						2.21 (1.95,2.52)***	< 0.001	1.56 (1.35,1.78)***	< 0.001
No	11,451	5927	52	5524	48
Yes	1161	379	33	782	67
TCAs						1.79 (1.42,2.28)***	< 0.001	1.37 (1.07,1.76)*	0.01
No	12,310	6197	50	6113	50
Yes	302	109	36	193	64
BZD						2.13 (1.98,2.29)***	< 0.001	1.70 (1.57,1.84)***	< 0.001
No	5368	3260	61	2108	39
Yes	7244	3046	42	4198	58
NDRI						2.42 (1.67,3.51)***	< 0.001	1.59 (1.08,2.36)*	0.02
No	12,476	6266	50	6210	50
Yes	136	40	29	96	71
NaSSA						2.02 (1.57,2.59)***	< 0.001	1.28 (0.98,1.67)	0.08
No	12,331	6212	50	6119	50
Yes	281	94	33	187	67
Muscle relaxant						1.80 (1.49,2.19)***	< 0.001	1.52 (1.24,1.86)***	< 0.001
No	12,150	6139	51	6011	49
Yes	462	167	36	295	64
Analgesic drug						12.44 (10.12,15.3)***	< 0.001	9.55 (7.72,11.81)***	< 0.001
No	1173	1071	91	102	9
Yes	11,439	5235	46	6204	54
Supportive individual psychotherapy						1.90 (1.63,2.21)***	< 0.001	1.28 (1.09,1.51)**	0.003
No	11,837	6032	51	5805	49
Yes	775	274	35	501	65
Supportive group psychotherapy						2.29 (1.52,3.45)***	< 0.001	1.52 (0.99,2.35)	0.057
No	12,504	6273	50	6231	50
Yes	108	33	31	75	69
Intensive individual psychotherapy						3.95 (2.20,7.12)***	< 0.001	2.73 (1.47,5.04)**	0.001
No	12,543	6292	50	6251	50
Yes	69	14	20	55	80
Intensive group psychotherapy						2.13 (0.92,4.93)	0.078	1.57 (0.65,3.78)	0.318
No	12,587	6298	50	6289	50
Yes	25	8	32	17	68
Re-educative individual psychotherapy						2.01 (1.72,2.36)***	< 0.001	1.31 (1.11,1.56)**	0.002
No	11,881	6057	51	5824	49
Yes	731	249	34	482	66
Re-educative group psychotherapy						2.30 (1.37,3.84)**	0.002	1.49 (0.87,2.56)	0.149
No	12,543	6285	50	6258	50
Yes	69	21	30	48	70
Behavior modification assessment
No	12,612	6306	50	6306	50
Yes	0	0	0	0	0
Behavior modification planning						1.60 (1.02,2.54)*	0.043	1.15 (0.71,1.86)	0.582
No	12,534	6276	50	6258	50
Yes	78	30	38	48	62
Stretching exercise						1.44 (1.26,1.64)***	< 0.001	1.26 (1.10,1.45)***	< 0.001
No	11,600	5884	51	5716	49
Yes	1012	422	42	590	58
Therapeutic exercise						1.47 (1.33,1.63)***	< 0.001	1.33 (1.19,1.47)***	< 0.001
No	10,768	5535	51	5233	49
Yes	1844	771	42	1073	58
Breathing exercise						1.04 (0.82,1.32)	0.758	0.92 (0.71,1.18)	0.506
No	12,343	6174	50	6169	50
Yes	269	132	49	137	51
Reconditioning exercise						1.30 (0.94,1.79)	0.108	1.19 (0.85,1.67)	0.310
No	12,456	6238	50	6218	50
Yes	156	68	44	88	56
Multiple physical examinations of sleep						1.48 (1.10,2.00)*	0.011	1.07 (0.78,1.47)	0.676
No	12,434	6234	50	6200	50
Yes	178	72	40	106	60
Brainwave examination, sleep or wakefulness						1.60 (1.44,1.77)***	< 0.001	1.40 (1.25,1.55)***	< 0.001
No	10,825	5590	52	5235	48
Yes	1787	716	40	1071	60
Brainwave examination for sleep disorders
No	12,612	6306	50	6306	50
Yes	0	0	0	0	0

CFS: chronic fatigue syndrome; N: total number of subjects the subgroups; n: number of subjects; CI: confidence interval; SSRI: selective serotonin receptor inhibitors; SNRI: serotonin norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors; SARI: serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors; TCAs: tricyclic antidepressant; MAOi: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors; BZD: benzodiazepine; *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001

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ISSN: 1479-5876

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