Fig. 4

Effects of NE inhibtor Alvelestat on pVICs osteogenic differentiation induced by OM. pVICs were treated with 40 nmol/L Alvelestat for 12 h or 24 h in osteogenic medium. A Dection of NE activity by N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-pro-Val-p-nitroanilide. B–D Western blot analysis of fibrosis markers α-SMA and Collagen I in 12 h. E–K Western blot analysis of NE, TNF-α, osteogenic markers (RUNX2, OPN) and apoptosis proteins(bcl-2, bax) in 24 h. L, M ALP staining and Alizarin Red Staining of pVICs cultured in osteogenic medium for 7 or 14 days. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs corresponding control groups. NS meant no significant difference. The measurement data are expressed as the mean ± SD. All experiments were independently repeated three times