Table 1 The participants’ characteristics

Age range (years)

 < 60

3023 (79.78)

3434 (78.96)

6457 (79.34)

 ≥ 60

766 (20.22)

915 (21.04)

1681 (20.66)

Smoking (now)

 No

2644 (69.78)

4321 (99.36)

6965 (85.59)

 Yes

1145 (30.22)

28 (0.64)

1173 (14.41)

Hypertension

 No

3517 (92.82)

3580 (82.32)

7097 (87.21)

 Yes

272 (7.18)

769 (17.68)

1041 (12.79)

Diabetes

 No

3585 (94.62)

3871 (89.01)

7456 (91.62)

 Yes

204 (5.38)

478 (10.99)

682 (8.38)

DBP (mean mmHg ± SD)

73.44 ± 11.61

72.92 ± 11.91

73.16 ± 11.77

SBP (mean mmHg ± SD)

110.78 ± 17.50

111.54 ± 19.64

111.19 ± 18.68

HDL (mean mmol/l ± SD)

1.40 ± 0.30

1.56 ± 0.34

1.49 ± 0.33

LDL (mean mmol/l ± SD)

2.65 ± 0.82

2.86 ± 0.89

2.78 ± 0.86

Chol (mean mmol/l ± SD)

4.85 ± 1

5.24 ± 1.08

5.06 ± 1.06

TG (mean mmol/l ± SD)

1.74 ± 1.30

1.74 ± 1.10

1.74 ± 1.20

BMI (kg/m²)

24.31 ± 4.08

27.05 ± 4.73

25.77 ± 4.64

Laboratory-based CVDs risk score (10- year, %) (mean ± SD)

8.31 ± 7.06

6.98 ± 5.71

7.60 ± 6.41

Non-laboratory-based CVDs risk score (10-year, %) (mean ± SD)

8.15 ± 6.68

6.92 ± 5.23

7.49 ± 5.98