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Table 1 Major clinical characteristics of participants in this study

From: Characteristics of the sputum microbiome in COPD exacerbations and correlations between clinical indices

Characteristics

Healthy control (n = 10)

AECOPD (n = 28)

Recovery (n = 15)

Stable (n = 23)

p value

Age (years, mean ± SD)

66.3 ± 2.31

72.9 ± 10.19

73.4 ± 11.26

68.9 ± 7.92

0.121

Male (%)

5 (50.00)

19 (67.86)

11 (73.33)

20 (86.96)

0.155

BMI (kg/m2, IQR)

22.30 (21.71–24.69)

22.76 (21.36–24.58)

23.51 (20.76–25.95)

25.10 (22.49–28.33)

0.064

Smoking history (pack-years, IQR)

0.00 (0.00–5.88)

30.00 (4.38–40.00)

30.00 (15.00–46.00)

25.00 (1.50–30.00)

0.018*

Current smoker (%)

3 (30.00)

7 (25.00)

3 (20.00)

6 (26.09)

0.951

Comorbid conditions (%)

     

 Hypertension

3 (30.00)

12 (42.86)

10 (66.67)

10 (43.48)

0.286

 Chronic kidney disease

0

2 (7.14)

1 (6.67)

0

0.493

 Diabetes mellitus

1 (10.00)

4 (14.29)

3 (20.00)

2 (8.70)

0.769

 Stroke

0

1 (3.57)

1 (6.67)

0

0.585

mMRC Dyspnoea scale (IQR)

NA

2.00 (1.00–3.00)

2.00 (1.00–4.00)

0.00 (0.00–2.00)

0.005*

FEV1% pred (mean ± SD)

96.97 ± 12.59

52.76 ± 21.58

50.23 ± 20.38

58.19 ± 21.42

 < 0.001*

FEV1/FVC% (mean ± SD)

77.17 ± 3.43

53.26 ± 16.38

51.35 ± 13.91

50.80 ± 14.35

 < 0.001*

White blood cell count (× 109/L, IQR)

6.22 (5.43–7.06)

7.10 (5.29–8.64)

6.80 (5.10–8.75)

6.86 (5.64–8.41)

0.941

Blood Neutrophil count (× 109/L, IQR)

3.54 (2.89–3.88)

4.59 (3.29–6.37)

5.57 (3.64–6.53)

4.74 (3.93–5.54)

0.271

Blood Eosinophil count (× 109/L, IQR)

0.12 (0.05–0.41)

0.15 (0.04–0.26)

0.15 (0.08–0.20)

0.14 (0.06–0.20)

0.994

Hemoglobin (g/L, mean ± SD)

141.75 ± 26.59

136.86 ± 22.93

133.13 ± 24.89

151.41 ± 21.88

0.084

Platelet (× 109/L, mean ± SD)

233.00 ± 56.06

220.18 ± 61.96

211.07 ± 80.02

222.09 ± 52.30

0.880

Glycemia (mmol/L, mean ± SD)

7.60 ± 2.00

7.67 ± 2.45

6.92 ± 2.88

5.98 ± 0.79

0.065

SCr (umol/L)

79.50 (57.25–129.00)

80.90 (60.00–90.00)

96.50 (58.00–103.00)

73.00 (65.5–80.25)

0.255

CRP (mg/L, IQR)

0.6 (0.32–7.39)

3.06 (1.52–7.22)

4.10 (1.00–12.38)

3.93(1.79–12.05)

0.549

PCT (pg/Ml, IQR)

NA

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

NA

0.926

PO2 (mmHg, IQR)

NA

79.30 (72.08–88.75)

87.00 (75.10–102.00)

80.00 (55.50–84.00)

0.159

PCO2 (mmHg, IQR)

NA

42.00 (36.78–48.38)

42.00 (36.50–52.50)

43.00 (39.00–57.00)

0.820

PH

NA

7.40 (7.37–7.42)

7.40 (7.38–7.43)

7.40 (7.36–7.42)

0.742

Sputum culture positive (%)

NA

8 (28.57)

4 (26.67)

1 (4.35)

0.071

Medications (%)

     

 ICS

NA

12 (42.86)

8 (53.33)

8 (34.78)

0.527

 LABA/LAMA

NA

16 (57.14)

11 (73.33)

14 (60.87)

0.574

Frequency (%)

(exacerbations in previous 1 year)

    

0.183

 < 2

NA

15 (53.57)

7 (46.67)

17 (73.91)

 

 ≥ 2

NA

13 (46.43)

8 (53.33)

6 (26.09)

 

GOLD Classification (%)

    

0.943

 I

NA

4 (14.29)

2 (13.33)

3 (13.04)

 

 II

NA

10 (35.71)

6 (40.00)

10 (43.49)

 

 III

NA

7 (25.00)

3 (20.00)

7 (30.43)

 

 IV

NA

7 (25.00)

4 (26.67)

3 (13.04)

 
  1. BMI body mass index, mMRC modified Medical Research Council, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, PCT procalcitonin, CRP C-reactive protein, SCr serum creatinine, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, LABA long-acting beta-agonist, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonist, GOLD global initiative for obstructive lung disease, NA not applicable. SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range
  2. *p < 0.05
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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