Fig. 4

Absolute quantification of 6 differentially expressed lEV-miRNAs by droplet digital PCR. The expression levels of A miR-339-3p, B miR-106b-3p, C miR-378a-3p, D miR-590-5p, E miR-328-3p, and F miR-532-3p were significantly upregulated in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients (n = 30) relative to those in non-AF controls (n = 30). The levels of miRNA are presented as copies/μl of PCR reaction. The box plots indicate median and interquartile range (Q1–Q3)