Fig. 4
Assessment of influence of circulating steroid hormone levels on functional outcomes after ischemia in females. A Hierarchical clustering identified two equally sized subgroups of female ischemic animals characterized by an overall mild or severe functional impairment based on parameters of the pressure–volume analysis. B PLS-DA analysis performed on the concentrations of circulating steroid hormone levels in ischemic females resulted in a moderate separation of animals with mild or severe functional outcomes. C Absolute concentrations of steroid hormones that were found influential on functional or proteomic profiles. D VIP scores extracted from the PLS-DA model identified hormones that contributed the most to the moderate separation of mild and severe functional outcomes. E–H Out of all influential hormones 2-OHE1 showed strong significant correlations with systolic (PRSW) and diastolic (Tau, dP/dtmin) as well as HW/TL. For comparison of functional and hormonal datasets acquired by distinct methodologies values were log-transformed and quantile normalized. M-Co: male control; M-Isch: male ischemic; F-Co: female control; F-Isch: female ischemic; SABP: systolic arterial blood pressure; DABP: diastolic arterial blood pressure; HR: heart rate; LVESP: left ventricular end-systolic pressure; LVEDP: left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV: left ventricular end-systolic volume; SV: stroke volume; CO: cardiac output; SW: stroke work; dP/dtmax maximal rate of rise in LV pressure; EF: ejection fraction; PRSW: preload recruitable stroke work; dP/dtmax-EDV: maximal slope of dP/dtmax – EDV relationship; Eff: cardiac efficiency; dP/dtmin: maximal rate of decrease in LV pressure; C1: component 1; C2: component 2; ALDO: aldosterone; PROG: progesterone; 2-OHE1: 2-hydroxyestrone, 4-OHE1: 4-hydroxyestrone; 4-MeE2: 4-methoxyestradiol; DHT: dihydrotestosterone; 2-MeE1: 2-methoxyestrone; 2-MeE2: 2-methoxyestradiol; 16-OHE1 + 16OE2: 16-hydroxyestrone + 16-ketoestradiol; E2: estradiol; CORT: corticosterone; DOC: 11-deoxycorticosterone; E1: estrone; HW/TL: heart weight normalized to tibia length