Fig. 4

The metabolism change in healthy donor-derived CD4⁺ T cells induced by IFN-α following tRF-3009 treatment. All experiments show the mean of individual replicates (n  ≥  3) A The expression of tRF-3009 and its precursor tRNA-Leu-TAA in CD4⁺ T cells treated with IFN-α for 24 h by qRT-PCR. Bars show the mean of individual replicates. B The change of ATP production in CD4 ⁺ T cells with/without 2-DG or/and metformin after 24-h IFN-α treatment (n  =  6). C The change of ROS production in CD4⁺ T cells with/without 2-DG or/and metformin after 24-h IFN-α treatment. D The expression of tRF-3009 in CD4⁺ T cells with IFN-α treatment transfected three siRNA against tRF-3009 precursor. The sequences of three si-tRF-3009 and target sites in the tRF-3009 were shown. E The change of ATP production in CD4⁺ T cells induced by IFN-α treatment after transfected si-tRF-3009-1(n  =  6). F The change of ROS production in CD4⁺ T cells induced by IFN-α treatment after transfected si-tRF-3009-1 (n  =  6). **P  <  0.01; ***P  <  0.001