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Table 4 Univariate analysis of factors influencing willingness to collaborate in TMR among clinicians

From: Collaborative relationships in translational medical research among Chinese clinicians: an internet-based cross-sectional survey

Characteristic

Willingness of collaboration in TMR

Statistic

P-value

Very unwilling

Unwilling

Uncertain

Willing

Very willing

 

9

5

57

429

304

  

Preferred research relationship

     

3.326

0.001*

 Independent

6

5

29

236

130

  

 Interdependent

3

0

28

193

174

  

Advantages of collaboration

       

 Additional funds or resources

9

5

57

429

304

52.917

 < 0.0001*

 Promoted knowledge transfer

9

5

57

429

304

77.588

 < 0.0001*

 Enhanced institution reputation

9

5

57

429

304

53.686

 < 0.0001*

 Increased number of publications

9

5

57

429

304

77.190

 < 0.0001*

 Improved publication quality

9

5

57

429

304

72.425

 < 0.0001*

 Enriched academic influence

9

5

57

429

304

84.365

 < 0.0001*

 Additional clinical resources

9

5

57

429

304

62.820

 < 0.0001*

 More equipment resources

9

5

57

429

304

61.191

 < 0.0001*

 New technologies

9

5

57

429

304

78.946

 < 0.0001*

 Promoted treatment capability

9

5

57

429

304

70.646

 < 0.0001*

 Accelerated research process

9

5

57

429

304

92.024

 < 0.0001*

Extra resources made available through collaboration

       

 Funds

9

5

57

429

304

25.898

 < 0.0001*

 Patients

9

5

57

429

304

40.559

 < 0.0001*

 Technologies

9

5

57

429

304

42.761

 < 0.0001*

 Equipment

9

5

57

429

304

40.517

 < 0.0001*

 Talents

9

5

57

429

304

37.620

 < 0.0001*

 Information

9

5

57

429

304

49.440

 < 0.0001*

Personal capabilities influenced by collaboration

       

 Improved skills of communication

9

5

57

429

304

54.406

 < 0.0001*

 Improved skills of receiving new knowledge and technology

9

5

57

429

304

53.967

 < 0.0001*

 Improved skills of controlling over research programs

9

5

57

429

304

41.469

 < 0.0001*

Disadvantages of collaboration

       

 More time spent on communication

9

5

57

429

304

18.015

0.001*

 Personal resource transfer

9

5

57

429

304

24.200

 < 0.0001*

 Loss of research autonomy and control

9

5

57

429

304

33.797

 < 0.0001*

 Deviation from one’s main research

9

5

57

429

304

31.963

 < 0.0001*

 Conflicts regarding key research points

9

5

57

429

304

25.058

 < 0.0001*

Costs of collaboration

       

 Costs of selecting partners and collecting information

9

5

57

429

304

18.997

0.001*

 Costs of negotiation

9

5

57

429

304

18.080

0.001*

 Costs of implementation

9

5

57

429

304

30.360

 < 0.0001*

 Costs of supervision

9

5

57

429

304

46.453

 < 0.0001*

Risks of collaboration

       

 Risks of coordinating the relationship among all partners

9

5

57

429

304

16.594

0.002*

 Risks of having unbalanced duties and responsibilities undertaken by different partners

9

5

57

429

304

12.497

0.014*

 Risks of dropping out or breaking of promises by partners

9

5

57

429

304

26.837

 < 0.0001*

Challenges of collaboration

       

 Competition from other research organizations

9

5

57

429

304

22.726

 < 0.0001*

 Ethics review process

9

5

57

429

304

22.512

0.000*

 Insufficient research funds

9

5

57

429

304

24.195

 < 0.0001*

 Recruitment of project managers

9

5

57

429

304

28.471

 < 0.0001*

Factors influencing collaboration

       

 Geographical locations of partners

9

5

57

429

304

15.695

0.004*

 Funds of partners

9

5

57

429

304

23.437

0.000*

 Technologies of partners

9

5

57

429

304

66.833

 < 0.0001*

 Information resources of partners

9

5

57

429

304

58.321

 < 0.0001*

 Academic status of partners

9

5

57

429

304

38.837

 < 0.0001*

 Mutual relationships of partners

9

5

57

429

304

37.916

 < 0.0001*

 Cooperation patterns of partners

9

5

57

429

304

37.277

 < 0.0001*

Factors influencing successful collaboration

       

 Set explicit collaboration aims

9

5

57

429

304

65.751

 < 0.0001*

 Set specific collaboration periods

9

5

57

429

304

41.773

 < 0.0001*

 Choose appropriate partners

9

5

57

429

304

50.887

 < 0.0001*

 Establish clear collaboration rules

9

5

57

429

304

49.138

 < 0.0001*

 Set clear-cut benefit distribution rules

9

5

57

429

304

36.000

 < 0.0001*

 Set explicit risk-taking rules

9

5

57

429

304

45.529

 < 0.0001*

 Maintain cooperative network relationships

9

5

57

429

304

38.086

 < 0.0001*

 Establish coordination and supervision mechanisms

9

5

57

429

304

43.148

 < 0.0001*

 Set penalty rules for violations of the collaboration agreement

9

5

57

429

304

65.377

 < 0.0001*

 Set rules for dealing with disputes or emergencies

9

5

57

429

304

32.935

 < 0.0001*

  1. *Indicates statistically significant results (p < 0.05)
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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