Fig. 1

LDHA is up-regulated in NSCLC tissues and correlated with enhanced glycolysis and tumor microenvironment. a Using GEPIA browser online, mRNA levels of LDHA are overexpressed in both lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) (p < 0.05). b mRNA level of LDHA is positively correlated with tumor stage in patients with LUAD (p < 0.01). c LDHA mRNA level is not significantly correlated with tumor stage in patients with LUSC (p = 0.46). d, e LDHA protein levels are overexpressed in both LUAD and LUSC tissues (35 patients), the histo-scores of LDHA was calculated by adding the score for the percentage of positive cells (0–100%) and the staining intensity scores (p < 0.05). f, g Using GEPIA browser online, LDHA expression is positively associated with HIF1A and GLUT-1(also named SLC2A1) (p < 0.05). h, i Using GSEA analysis, high LDHA expression in lung cancer tissues is positively correlated with hallmark gene sets of glycolysis and hypoxia (p < 0.05)