Table 1 Summary of study and patient characteristics
References | Year | Study design | Treatment | Reported adverse effects | Treatment duration | Dx | Sample (n) | Age (years), mean (SD) | Sex, female % | Illness duration, Mean (SD) | BMI (kg m−2), mean (SD) | Weight (kg), mean (SD) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tx | Con | Tx | Con | Tx | Con | Tx | Con | Tx | Con | Tx | Con | |||||||
Castro-Marrero et al | 2015 | RCT, PAR | Coenzyme Q10 plus NADH | No reported adverse effects | 8- weeks | Fukuda criteria | 39 | 34 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 15.4 (8.9) | 14.7 (6.2) | 26.7 (5.2) | 25.9 (2.4) | 68.5 (14.6) | 72.1 (13.7) |
Castro-Marrero et al | 2016 | RCT, PAR | Coenzyme Q10 plus NADH | No reported adverse effects | 8- weeks | Fukuda criteria | 39 | 34 | 49.3 (7.1) | 49.1 (8.4) | 100% | 100% | 15.4 (8.9) | 14.7 (6.2) | 23.7 (5.2) | 22.3 (2.4) | 68.5 (14.6) | 72.1 (13.7) |
Forsyth et al | 1999 | RCP, CO | NADH | overly stimulated, mild loss of appetite, heartburn, increased incidence of gas and an odd taste and dryness in mouth | 4-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 26 | NA | 39.6 | NA | 65% | NA | 7.2 | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA |
Fukuda et al | 2016 | RCT, PAR | Ubiquinol-10 | No serious adverse effects | 8-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 17 | 14 | 34.8 (9.36) | 39.5 (8.50) | 76% | 86% | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
OPT | Ubiquinol-10 | No serious adverse effects | 12-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 20 | NA | 36.8 (6.88) | NA | 75 | NA | 10.25 (5.35) | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA | ||
Kaiser et al | 2015 | POC | KPAX002 | Dry mouth | 12-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 15 | NA | 45.4 | NA | 53.3% | NA | 12.4 | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA |
Menon et al | 2017 | OPT | nutraceutical combination | No serious adverse effects | 16-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 10 | NA | 36.3 (10.46) | NA | 70% | NA | 11 (7.04) | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA |
Montoya et al | 2018 | RCT, PAR | KPAX002 | No significant adverse effects | 12-weeks | Fukuda criteria | 67 | 68 | 42.8 | 42.3 | 77.8% | 66.2% | 11.3 | 11.8 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Ostojic et al | 2016 | RCT, CO | Guanidinoacetic Acid | No reported adverse effects | 12- weeks | Fukuda criteria | 21 | NA | 39.3 (8.8) | NA | 100% | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA | 62.8 (8.5) | NA |
Vermeulen et al | 2004 | OPT | ALC and PLC | overstimulation and sleeplessness | 24-weeks | Fukuda criteria | ALC: 30 PLC: 30 ALC + PLC: 30 | NA | ALC: 37 (11) PLC: 38 (11) ALC + PLC: 42 (12) | NA | ALC: 76.7% PLC: 76.7% ALC + PLC: 76.7% | NA | ALC: 5.5 (1.0–23.0)a PLC: 3.0 (0.5–25.0)a ALC + PLC: 6.0 (1.0–21.0)a | NA | NR | NA | NR | NA |