Fig. 4

Expression of NFAT5 in the skin. a Semi-quantitative analysis. b, d Upon LSD no specific differences in NFAT5 expression could be observed in the endothelium. c, e Paired observations showed that in healthy controls the location of NFAT5 in endothelial cells shifted from a predominantly cytoplasmic pattern in LSD to a both cytoplasmic and nuclear pattern in HSD. No such shifts could be observed in other groups. f Paired histological images (of which a selection containing the endothelium is shown) show that in healthy controls the expression of NFAT5 (green) in endothelial cells shifts from a predominantly cytoplasmic pattern in LSD (nuclei visualized by Hoechst staining (blue)) to a cytoplasmic plus nuclear pattern in HSD. In DM1 and HME no shift could be observed. NFAT5, nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5. LSD, low sodium diet. HSD, high sodium diet. DM1, type 1 diabetes. HME, hereditary multiple exostosis. HC, healthy controls. n = 8 (DM1), n = 7 (HME), n = 12 (HC). *P < 0.05. Data are presented as individual data with mean (SEM). Data were tested with a paired t-test or Wilcoxon test, as appropriate, to compare two diets, and with an unpaired t-test or Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, as appropriate, to compare two patient groups