Fig. 4

Summary of altered metabolic pathways analysed by MetaboAnalyst 4.0 web software. As shown, nine metabolic pathways of importance were disturbed in the plasma of dyslipidaemic mice (as compared to the wild-types): (1) valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation; (2) phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; (3) taurine and hypotaurine metabolism; (4) arginine and proline metabolism; (5) alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; (6) tryptophan metabolism; (7) nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism; (8) tyrosine metabolism, and (9) cysteine and methionine metabolism. Significantly affected pathways are plotted according to P-value from pathway enrichment analysis and pathway impact score from pathway topology analysis. Circle size and colour gradient indicate the significance of the pathway ranked by P-value (red: lower P-values and yellow: higher P-values) and pathway impact score (the larger the circle the higher the impact score), respectively