Fig. 4

IL-33 induced tumour-promoting cytokine and neomicrovessel formation. a The mRNA levels of tumour-promoting cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in tumour tissues from both groups of mice were presented. b Quantitative mRNA analysis of chemokines Csf2, Ccl2, Ccl5, and Cxcl1 in tumours of IL-33-treated mice compared with those in PBS-treated wild-type mice. c Relative S100A9 mRNA levels and its immunohistochemical staining (d) were presented before and after IL-33 treatment. e–f VEGF was detected at the protein (e) and mRNA levels (f) in two groups. g, h Tumour sections from both groups of mice were stained with H&E (g) and IHC staining of CD31 (h) to detect microvessel formation. IHC immunohistochemistry, PBS phosphate-buffered saline, IL interleukin, VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF tumour necrosis factor