Fig. 2
From: The dysregulated innate immune response in severe COVID-19 pneumonia that could drive poorer outcome
Immune-suppression phenotype and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients. Boxplot showing cytokine production (IFN-γ (a), IL-1β (b), IL-6 (c), TNF-α (d)) of blood leukocytes on ex vivo stimulation (CD3/TLR7-8 agonists), using a standardized test (QuantiFERON Monitor®) within 48 h of hospitalization in non-COVID-19 (n = 36) and COVID-19 (n = 27) patients. As a reference, the test was performed in 7 non-infected control patients included in the Pneumochondrie study (NCT03955887) [24]. Boxplot depicting IL-6:IL10 (d) and TNF-α:IL-10 ratios in non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, IL interleukin, TNF tumor necrosis factor, WBS whole blood stimulation (LYMPHONIE study, 2018–2020)