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Table 3 Factors associated with ICU-acquired hyponatremia

From: Intensive care unit-acquired hyponatremia in critically ill medical patients

Factors

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis*

Crude OR (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

P value

Age

0.995 (0.986–1.004)

0.302

  

Male

1.176 (0.865–1.597)

0.300

  

SOFA

1.052 (1.012–1.094)

0.010

  

SAPS3

1.012 (1.003–1.021)

0.012

  

Mechanical ventilation

0.940 (0.698–1.266)

0.684

  

Vasoactive agent

1.078 (0.792–1.467)

0.633

  

Reason for admission

 Cardiac

1.218 (0.664–2.236)

0.524

  

 Pulmonary

0.733 (0.544–0.987)

0.041

  

 Neurologic

1.333 (0.435–4.091)

0.615

  

 Gastrointestinal

1.760 (0.937–3.309)

0.079

  

 Sepsis

1.029 (0.702–1.508)

0.885

  

 Others

0.926 (0.460–1.924)

0.837

  

Underlying condition

 IHD

1.186 (0.631–2.228)

0.597

  

 Cardiomyopathy

1.554 (0.611–3.955)

0.355

  

 Vascular disease

1.055 (0.395–2.817)

0.915

  

 COPD

1.198 (0.663–2.164)

0.549

  

 Asthma

0.723 (0.212–2.464)

0.604

  

 ILD

0.581 (0.226–1.493)

0.259

  

 Chronic liver disease

1.984 (1.084–3.631)

0.026

  

 Hematologic malignancy

1.499 (0.983–2.284)

0.060

1.692 (1.076–2.663)

0.023

 Oncologic malignancy

0.927 (0.653–1.315)

0.670

  

Na

0.734 (0.685–0.787)

< 0.001

  

K

1.466 (1.216–1.768)

< 0.001

1.637 (1.296–2.069)

< 0.001

BUN

1.012 (1.003–1.020)

0.009

  

Cr

1.304 (1.116–1.524)

0.001

  

GFR

0.997 (0.995–1.000)

0.079

  

Net fluid balance

1.004 (1.002–1.006)

< 0.001

1.004 (1.002–1.007)

0.001

Any diuretics

1.104 (0.805–1.516)

0.538

  

 Furosemide

1.110 (0.810–1.522)

0.515

  

 Thiazide

0.772 (0.172–3.475)

0.736

  

 Spironolactone

1.034 (0.513–2.085)

0.926

  

Sodium bicarbonate

1.672 (1.191–2.347)

0.003

  

Mannitol

4.662 (0.290–74.825)

0.277

  

Enteral nutrition

0.841 (0.606–1.167)

0.300

  

Parenteral nutrition

0.802 (0.527–1.220)

0.303

  

RBC

1.159 (0.676–1.984)

0.592

  

Platelet

1.226 (0.864–1.739)

0.254

  

FFP

1.643 (1.069–2.526)

0.024

  
  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, SAPS Simplified Acute Physiology Score, IHD ischemic heart disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ILD interstitial lung disease, BUN blood urea nitrogen, GFR glomerular filtration rate, RBC red blood cell, FFP fresh frozen plasma
  2. * Variables with a P value less than 0.1 in univariable analysis and other variables deemed to be important by authors (mechanical ventilation, vasopressor, age, and sex) were incorporated to multivariable analysis. Although BUN, Cr and GFR were all significant in univariate analysis, only GFR was used in multivariate analysis
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Journal of Translational Medicine

ISSN: 1479-5876

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