| CNS infection (n) |
| Bacterial infection | 95 | – | – |
| Viral infection | 38 | – | – |
| Parasitic infection | 3 | – | – |
| Fungal infection | 10 | – | – |
| Mixed infectiona | 4 | – | – |
| Unclassified | 9 | – | – |
| Non-CNS infection(n) |
| Autoimmune encephalitis | – | 13 | – |
| Malignant tumor | – | 13 | – |
| Pulmonary diseases | – | 6 | – |
| Tsutsugamushi disease | – | 1 | – |
| Local infection | – | 7 | – |
| Blood-stream infection | – | 1 | – |
| Hematological disease | – | 3 | – |
| Rheumatic disease | – | 2 | – |
| Psychological disease | – | 1 | – |
| Fever of unknown origin | – | 7 | – |
| Other neurological diseaseb | – | 17 | – |
| Gender(n) | | | 0.791 |
| Male | 97 | 42 | |
| Female | 62 | 29 | |
| Age, year (range) | 44.39 (13.00–73.00) | 42.30 (15.00–84.00) | 0.175 |
| Body temperature, °C (Range) | 37.61 (36.20–40.70) | 37.47 (36.10–39.60) | 0.695 |
| Empirical treatment history(n) | | | 0.103 |
| Yes | 119 | 60 | |
| No | 40 | 11 | |
| Blood laboratory examination (range) |
| C-reaction protein, mg/L | 19.6 (3.0–126.0) | 32.8 (3.0–194.0) | 0.568 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h | 25.20 (2.00–137.00) | 26.07 (2.00–118.00) | 0.830 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.34 (0.01–4.90) | 0.19 (0.02–1.82) | 0.386 |
| Serum ferritin, ng/mL | 631.84 (14.46–2000.00) | 560.26 (64.92–1209.00) | 0.802 |
| WBC, *109/L | 8.84 (2.35–26.03) | 9.06 (2.87–27.60) | 0.347 |
| Neutrophil, % | 69.26 (26.00–95.70) | 79.11 (60.4–97.30) | 0.427 |
